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<span id="openzim-page-title" class="mw-page-title-main"><span class="mw-page-title-main">Windows Server Essentials</span></span>
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</style><table class="infobox vevent"><tbody><tr><th colspan="2" class="infobox-above summary">Windows Server Essentials</th></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-image logo"></td></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-image logo"><div class="infobox-caption">Windows Server 2019 Essentials displaying the Windows Server Essentials Server Manager</div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="white-space: nowrap;"><a href="Programmer" title="Programmer">Developer(s)</a></th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="Microsoft" title="Microsoft">Microsoft</a></td></tr><tr style="display: none;"><td colspan="2" class="infobox-full-data"></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="white-space: nowrap;"><a href="Software_release_life_cycle" title="Software release life cycle">Final release</a></th><td class="infobox-data"><div style="margin:0px;">2019
/ November 13, 2018<sup id="cite_ref-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></div></td></tr><tr style="display:none"><td colspan="2">
</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="white-space: nowrap;"><a href="Software_categories#Categorization_approaches" title="Software categories">Type</a></th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="Operating_system" title="Operating system">Operating system</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="white-space: nowrap;"><a href="Software_license" title="Software license">License</a></th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="Commercial_software" title="Commercial software">Commercial</a> <a href="Proprietary_software" title="Proprietary software">proprietary software</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="white-space: nowrap;">Website</th><td class="infobox-data"><span class="url"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://microsoft.com/windows-server/">microsoft<wbr>.com<wbr>/windows-server<wbr>/</a></span></td></tr></tbody></table>
<p><b>Windows Server Essentials</b> (formerly <b>Small Business Server</b> or <b>SBS</b>)<sup id="cite_ref-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> is an integrated server suite from <a href="Microsoft" title="Microsoft">Microsoft</a> for businesses with no more than 25 users or 50 devices. It includes <a href="Windows_Server" title="Windows Server">Windows Server</a>, <a href="Microsoft_Exchange_Server" title="Microsoft Exchange Server">Exchange Server</a>, <a href="Windows_SharePoint_Services" class="mw-redirect" title="Windows SharePoint Services">Windows SharePoint Services</a>, and <a href="Microsoft_Outlook" title="Microsoft Outlook">Microsoft Outlook</a>. Application server technologies are tightly integrated to provide and offer management benefits such as integrated setup, enhanced monitoring, <a href="Remote_Web_Workplace" class="mw-redirect" title="Remote Web Workplace">Remote Web Workplace</a>, a unified <a href="Microsoft_Management_Console" title="Microsoft Management Console">management console</a>, and remote access.
</p><p>Starting with Windows Server Essentials 2022, this product is only available through OEM providers.<sup id="cite_ref-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-3"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>3<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> This product offers the same licensing terms and restrictions regarding the number of users/devices and cores; however, it also offers the same features as Windows Server Standard 2022.
</p>
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<div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="History">History</h2></div>
<div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="As_Small_Business_Server">As Small Business Server</h3></div>
<p>Initially, Microsoft marketed the Small Business Server (SBS) an edition of <a href="Microsoft_BackOffice_Server" title="Microsoft BackOffice Server">Microsoft BackOffice Server</a>. With the release of <a href="Windows_2000" title="Windows 2000">Windows 2000</a>, however, Microsoft spun off Small Business Server 2000 as a separate offering. Until this point, the Premium editions of SBS included <a href="Microsoft_SQL_Server" title="Microsoft SQL Server">SQL Server</a>, <a href="Microsoft_ISA_Server" class="mw-redirect" title="Microsoft ISA Server">ISA Server</a>, and <a href="Microsoft_FrontPage" title="Microsoft FrontPage">FrontPage</a>. SBS 2003 and later all bear the "Windows" brand and are editions of <a href="Windows_Server" title="Windows Server">Windows Server</a>.
</p><p>SBS 2008 came with an edition of <a href="Windows_Server_2008" title="Windows Server 2008">Windows Server 2008</a> bears the name <i>Windows Server 2008 for Windows Essential Server Solutions</i> ("WinWESS"), also known as Windows Server 2008 Standard FE.<sup id="cite_ref-4" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-4"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>4<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> This edition of Windows Server 2008 is available outside the product suite, supporting a maximum of 15 Client Access Licenses.<sup id="cite_ref-5" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-5"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>5<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> SBS 2008 Premium edition does not include <a href="ISA_Server" class="mw-redirect" title="ISA Server">ISA Server</a> but includes SQL Server 2008. Those upgrading to SBS 2008 Premium edition via Software Assurance were compensated with a free license for the latest version of ISA Server.<sup id="cite_ref-6" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-6"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>6<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> In December 2008, Microsoft also introduced a <a href="Windows_Essential_Business_Server" class="mw-redirect" title="Windows Essential Business Server">Windows Essential Business Server</a> product aimed at medium-sized businesses, but this was discontinued in June 2010 due to low demand.
</p><p>SBS 2011 was available in Essentials, Standard, and Premium editions. The Essentials edition is a scaled down version for 1 to 25 users; the other editions are based on the <a href="Windows_Server" title="Windows Server">Windows Server</a> codebase and include <a href="Microsoft_Exchange_Server" title="Microsoft Exchange Server">Exchange Server</a>, <a href="Windows_SharePoint_Services" class="mw-redirect" title="Windows SharePoint Services">Windows SharePoint Services</a>, and <a href="Microsoft_Outlook" title="Microsoft Outlook">Microsoft Outlook</a> in addition to what comes with Windows Server.
</p>
<div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="As_Windows_Server_Essentials">As Windows Server Essentials</h3></div>
<p>Starting with <a href="Windows_Server_2012" title="Windows Server 2012">Windows Server 2012</a>, Microsoft renamed SBS to Windows Server Essentials. Four versions of Windows Server Essentials were released along with their Windows Server siblings: 2012, 2012 R2,<sup id="cite_ref-7" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-7"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>7<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> 2016, and 2019.<sup id="cite_ref-8" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-8"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>8<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Windows Server 2019 Essentials removed many features found in previous versions of Windows Server Essentials because the "Windows Server Essentials Experience" role was not included in any of the Windows Server 2019 SKUs. This includes Essentials Connector, Client PC Backup, Office 365 integration, Remote Web Access, and the Windows Server Essentials Dashboard.<sup id="cite_ref-:0_9-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:0-9"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>9<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-:1_10-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:1-10"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>10<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup>
</p>
<div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Discontinuation">Discontinuation</h3></div>
<p>In September 2018, the Windows Server hinted that Windows Server Essentials 2019 might be the last version of this product.<sup id="cite_ref-11" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-11"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>11<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Following the release of Windows Server 2022, Microsoft announced that their Windows Server Essentials 2022 offering is merely a customized licensing scheme for the Standard edition of Windows Server 2022.<sup id="cite_ref-12" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-12"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>12<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup>
</p><p>At the time of discontinuation, Microsoft offered the same software as part of its <a href="Microsoft_365" title="Microsoft 365">Microsoft 365</a> and <a href="Microsoft_Azure" title="Microsoft Azure">Microsoft Azure</a> plans.
</p>
<div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Versions">Versions</h2></div>
<ul><li>October 22, 1997 – <b>BackOffice Small Business Server 4.0</b></li></ul>
<dl><dd>Consists of <a href="Windows_NT_4.0" title="Windows NT 4.0">Windows NT Server 4.0</a> SP3 and includes Exchange Server 5.0 SP1, Internet Information Services 3.0, SQL Server 6.5 SP3, Proxy Server 1.0, <a href="Internet_Explorer" title="Internet Explorer">Internet Explorer</a> 3.02 or 4.01, and Outlook 97; allows 25 client licenses.</dd></dl>
<ul><li>May 24, 1999 – <b>BackOffice Small Business Server 4.5</b></li></ul>
<dl><dd>Consists of Windows NT Server 4.0 SP4 and includes Exchange Server 5.5 SP2, IIS 4.0, SQL Server 7.0, Proxy Server 2.0, Internet Explorer 5.0, Outlook 2000, and <a href="Microsoft_FrontPage" title="Microsoft FrontPage">FrontPage</a> 2000; allows 50 client licenses.</dd></dl>
<ul><li>February 21, 2001 – <b>Microsoft Small Business Server 2000</b></li></ul>
<dl><dd>Consists of <a href="Windows_2000_Server" class="mw-redirect" title="Windows 2000 Server">Windows 2000 Server</a> (including Internet Explorer 5.0 and IIS 5.0) and includes Exchange 2000 Server, SQL Server 2000 Standard Edition, Internet Security & Acceleration Server 2000, Outlook 2000 and FrontPage 2000; allows 50 client licenses.</dd></dl>
<ul><li>October 9, 2003 – <b>Windows Small Business Server 2003</b> (codenamed <i>Bobcat</i>)</li></ul>
<dl><dd>Consists of <a href="Windows_Server_2003" title="Windows Server 2003">Windows Server 2003</a> and includes <a href="Microsoft_Exchange_Server" title="Microsoft Exchange Server">Microsoft Exchange Server</a> 2003, <a href="Microsoft_Outlook" title="Microsoft Outlook">Microsoft Outlook</a> 2003, <a href="Windows_SharePoint_Services" class="mw-redirect" title="Windows SharePoint Services">Windows SharePoint Services</a> 2.0, and optionally <a href="Microsoft_SQL_Server" title="Microsoft SQL Server">Microsoft SQL Server</a> 2000, <a href="ISA_Server" class="mw-redirect" title="ISA Server">ISA Server</a> 2000 (upgrade to ISA Server 2004 in Small Business Server Premium SP1), and <a href="Microsoft_FrontPage" title="Microsoft FrontPage">Microsoft FrontPage</a> 2003 in Premium edition; allows 75 client licenses. Service Pack 1 for Windows Small Business Server 2003 was released on July 25, 2005.<sup id="cite_ref-13" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-13"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>13<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></dd></dl>
<ul><li>July 29, 2006 – <b>Windows Small Business Server 2003 R2</b></li></ul>
<dl><dd>Consists of <a href="Windows_Server_2003" title="Windows Server 2003">Windows Server 2003</a> and includes <a href="Microsoft_Exchange_Server" title="Microsoft Exchange Server">Microsoft Exchange Server</a> 2003, Microsoft Outlook 2003, <a href="Windows_SharePoint_Services" class="mw-redirect" title="Windows SharePoint Services">Windows SharePoint Services</a> 2.0, and optionally <a href="Microsoft_SQL_Server" title="Microsoft SQL Server">Microsoft SQL Server</a> 2005 Workgroup Edition, <a href="ISA_Server" class="mw-redirect" title="ISA Server">ISA Server</a> 2004, and <a href="Microsoft_FrontPage" title="Microsoft FrontPage">Microsoft FrontPage</a> 2003 in Premium edition; allows 75 client licenses. A major addition is a built-in patch management tool optimized for small businesses, based on Microsoft <a href="Windows_Server_Update_Services" title="Windows Server Update Services">Windows Server Update Services</a>. Exchange database size limit is set to 18 GB by default but can be expanded to 75 GB using a registry key.</dd></dl>
<ul><li>August 21, 2008<sup id="cite_ref-14" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-14"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>14<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> – <b>Windows Small Business Server 2008</b> (codenamed <i>Cougar</i>)</li></ul>
<dl><dd>Consists of <a href="Windows_Server_2008" title="Windows Server 2008">Windows Server 2008</a> and includes <a href="Microsoft_Exchange_Server" title="Microsoft Exchange Server">Microsoft Exchange Server</a> 2007, <a href="Windows_SharePoint_Services" class="mw-redirect" title="Windows SharePoint Services">Windows SharePoint Services</a> 3.0 and 120-day trial subscriptions of new security products from Microsoft, namely, <a href="Microsoft_Forefront" title="Microsoft Forefront">Forefront Security for Exchange</a> and Windows Live OneCare for Server.<sup id="cite_ref-15" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-15"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>15<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-EBSIntro_16-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-EBSIntro-16"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>16<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The standard edition of SBS 2008 is a single server product for small businesses. The premium edition contains a license for <a href="Windows_Server_2008" title="Windows Server 2008">Windows Server 2008</a> and SQL Server 2008 Standard Edition, with the option to run SQL Server on either the main SBS server, or a second server; it is targeted at dual-server scenarios such as terminal services application sharing, <a href="Line_of_business" title="Line of business">line of business</a> applications, edge security, secondary domain controllers, and virtualization.<sup id="cite_ref-SearchITChannel_17-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-SearchITChannel-17"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>17<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> In addition to features present in previous versions, new features include:
<ul><li>A streamlined administration and management console that is designed around tasks to be accomplished rather than underlying technologies<sup id="cite_ref-18" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-18"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>18<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li>
<li>Built-in support for registering and configuring <a href="Domain_name" title="Domain name">domain name</a> and DNS records via multiple registrars</li>
<li>Monitoring reports that gather data from both servers and clients on the network, including Security Center status (anti-virus, spyware, and client firewall) from all the clients</li>
<li>New features in the <a href="Remote_Web_Workplace" class="mw-redirect" title="Remote Web Workplace">Remote Web Workplace</a>, such as the ability to define default and allowed PCs for each user</li>
<li><a href="Microsoft_Office_Live" title="Microsoft Office Live">Office Live Small Business</a> integration for and configuring a public web site or extranet</li>
<li>New server backup features, based on the incremental block-based backup technology in Windows Server 2008 (<a href="Tape_drive" title="Tape drive">tape</a> backup no longer supported via native tools, but continues to be supported via third parties)</li>
<li>SBS 2008 requires installation behind a separate network firewall device. In contrast with SBS 2003, it does not support being installed directly on the edge of the network, <a href="Microsoft_Internet_Security_and_Acceleration_Server" class="mw-redirect" title="Microsoft Internet Security and Acceleration Server">ISA Server</a> is no longer bundled and a dual-NIC configuration is not possible.<sup id="cite_ref-19" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-19"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>19<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li>
<li>Migration of 32-bit SBS 2003 versions to 64-bit SBS 2008 and SBS2011 has no in place upgrade and can be problematic.<sup id="cite_ref-20" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-20"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>20<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-21" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-21"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>21<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-22" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-22"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>22<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Inability to upgrade Sharepoint<sup id="cite_ref-23" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-23"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>23<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> (WSS 2.0) by WSS 3.0 or SharePoint 2010 Foundation.</li></ul></dd>
<dd>SBS 2008 was released to manufacturing on August 21, 2008<sup id="cite_ref-24" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-24"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>24<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> and was launched on November 12, 2008.<sup id="cite_ref-25" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-25"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>25<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Windows Small Business Server 2008 supports organizations with up to 75 users or devices.<sup id="cite_ref-EBSIntro_16-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-EBSIntro-16"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>16<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> A notable change from SBS 2003 is that <a href="Client_Access_License" class="mw-redirect" title="Client Access License">CALs</a> are not enforced electronically.<sup id="cite_ref-26" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-26"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>26<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></dd></dl>
<ul><li>December 13, 2010 – <b>Windows Small Business Server 2011</b></li></ul>
<dl><dd>Microsoft announced two successors to the SBS series during WPC 2010, both based on Windows Server 2008 R2. One successor (code name "Aurora") supports a maximum of 25 users, does not include Exchange, SharePoint and <a href="Windows_Server_Update_Services" title="Windows Server Update Services">Windows Server Update Services</a> (WSUS), and is oriented to attach cloud services. The other successor (code name "SBS 7") is the more direct successor of SBS 2008, and continues to support a maximum of 75 users, and includes Exchange, SharePoint and WSUS.</dd>
<dd>Late in 2010, Microsoft announced the official branding for the 2011 wave: SBS "7" became "Windows Small Business Server 2011 Standard," and "Aurora" was christened "Windows Small Business Server 2011 Essentials." Whereas formerly, the premium edition of SBS was packaged as a superset of the standard edition, in the 2011 wave, it was to be available as an add-on, containing standalone copies of SQL Server 2008 R2 and Windows Server 2008 R2. It could be added to either SBS 2011 Essentials or Standard.</dd>
<dd>In mid-December, Microsoft released SBS 2011 Standard to TechNet and MSDN subscribers for evaluation. Microsoft released SBS 2011 Standard to volume licensing customers in early January and as a trial in mid-January. SBS 2011 requires an Internet connection.</dd></dl>
<ul><li>October 10, 2012 – <b>Windows Server 2012 Essentials</b></li></ul>
<dl><dd>In July 2012, Microsoft announced that there would not be another SBS product. Rather, <a href="Windows_Server_2012" title="Windows Server 2012">Windows Server 2012</a> Essentials succeeded SBS Essentials.<sup id="cite_ref-27" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-27"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>27<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Windows Server 2012 Essentials does not include <a href="Microsoft_Exchange_Server" title="Microsoft Exchange Server">Microsoft Exchange Server</a>, which is used for messaging and collaboration, including the ability to host email. Windows Server Essentials and its successors were designed for small businesses with up to 25 users and 50 devices.</dd></dl>
<ul><li>September 9, 2013 – <b>Windows Server 2012 R2 Essentials</b></li>
<li>October 12, 2016 – <b>Windows Server 2016 Essentials</b></li>
<li>November 13, 2018 – <b>Windows Server 2019 Essentials</b></li></ul>
<dl><dd>Windows Server 2019 Essentials removed many features found in previous versions of Windows Server Essentials, including Remote Web Access, Essentials Connector, Client PC Backup, Office 365 integration and the Windows Server Essentials Dashboard.<sup id="cite_ref-:0_9-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:0-9"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>9<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-:1_10-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:1-10"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>10<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> It is the last version of Windows Server Essentials.</dd></dl>
<div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Licensing">Licensing</h2></div>
<p>Normally, Microsoft licenses its on-premises server products on a per-seat or per-user basis, i.e., the licensing cost depends on how many users or computers use these products. Businesses that install them require to obtain <a href="Client_access_license" title="Client access license">client access licenses</a> (CALs). Windows Server 2012 Essentials and later do not need any CALs. However, this has not always been the case. Earlier versions – Windows Small Business Server (SBS) – had their own types of CAL, and included the user CALs for <a href="Windows_Server" title="Windows Server">Windows Server</a>, <a href="Microsoft_Exchange_Server" title="Microsoft Exchange Server">Exchange Server</a>, and eventually <a href="Microsoft_SQL_Server" title="Microsoft SQL Server">SQL Server</a>. The SBS CALs cost more than the Windows Server CALs, but less than the sum of separate access licenses for the two or three servers.
</p><p>Windows Small Business Server has the following design restrictions:<sup id="cite_ref-28" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-28"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>28<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup>
</p>
<ul><li>Only one computer in the <a href="Windows_domain" title="Windows domain">domain</a> can run SBS. The domain supports multiple servers (including additional <a href="Domain_controller" title="Domain controller">domain controllers</a>) running any other operating system, such as Windows Server, but only one SBS.</li>
<li>SBS must be the root of the <a href="Active_Directory" title="Active Directory">Active Directory</a> forest.</li>
<li>SBS cannot establish a trust relationship with any other domains or have sub-domains.</li>
<li>SBS is limited to 75 users or devices depending on the type of CAL.</li>
<li>SBS 2003 and earlier are limited to no more than 4 GB of <a href="RAM" class="mw-redirect" title="RAM">RAM</a>. SBS 2008 supports a maximum of 32 GB. It requires a minimum of 4 GB for installation, but needs more for performance.</li>
<li>SBS 2003 R2 and earlier are only available for the <a href="IA-32" title="IA-32">IA-32</a> (32-bit) architecture.</li>
<li>SBS 2008 is only available for the <a href="X86-64" title="X86-64">x86-64</a> architecture.</li>
<li>The SQL Server that comes with SBS 2008 is "SQL Server 2008 Standard Edition for Small Business.".<sup id="cite_ref-29" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-29"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>29<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-30" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-30"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>30<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> It cannot be installed outside a network that has a domain controller, and must have fewer than 75 PCs or users (depending on the CAL.)</li>
<li><a href="Remote_Desktop_Services" title="Remote Desktop Services">Remote Desktop Services</a> on SBS is restricted to two simultaneous sessions. (Change from SBS 2000 policy)<sup id="cite_ref-31" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-31"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>31<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Terminal Services in application sharing mode needs to be run on a second server running a separately obtained copy of Windows Server.</li></ul>
<p>To remove these restrictions and upgrade to regular editions of Windows Server, Exchange Server, SQL Server and ISA Server, there was a Windows Small Business Server 2003 R2 Transition Pack.<sup id="cite_ref-32" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-32"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>32<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup>
</p>
<div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="References">References</h2></div>
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</style><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://docs.microsoft.com/en-us/windows-server-essentials/get-started/what-s-new-19">"What's New in Windows Server 2019 Essentials"</a>. <i>Windows Server Essentials documentations</i>. Microsoft. March 3, 2021 – via <a href="Microsoft_Docs" title="Microsoft Docs">Microsoft Docs</a>.</cite></span>
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<li id="cite_note-2"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-2">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20120831153812/http://download.microsoft.com/download/0/B/2/0B22F531-338D-4843-B43B-814D922EB724/Windows%20Server%202012%20Essentials%20FAQ.pdf">"Frequently Asked Questions"</a> <span class="cs1-format">(PDF)</span>. <i>Windows Server Essentials portal</i>. <a href="Microsoft" title="Microsoft">Microsoft</a>. October 5, 2012. p. 1. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://download.microsoft.com/download/0/B/2/0B22F531-338D-4843-B43B-814D922EB724/Windows%20Server%202012%20Essentials%20FAQ.pdf">the original</a> <span class="cs1-format">(PDF)</span> on August 31, 2012<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">July 11,</span> 2013</span>. <q>Q: Why did Microsoft change the name of Windows Small Business Server Essentials to Windows Server Essentials? A: [...]</q></cite></span>
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<li id="cite_note-3"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-3">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://learn.microsoft.com/en-us/windows-server-essentials/get-started/get-started">"Get started with Windows Server Essentials"</a>. <i>learn.microsoft.com</i>. July 11, 2022.</cite></span>
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<li id="cite_note-4"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-4">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://technet.microsoft.com/en-us/sbs/cc817589.aspx">"Windows Small Business Server 2008 Technical FAQ"</a>. <i>Microsoft Technet</i>. Microsoft Corporation<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">June 9,</span> 2010</span>. <q>Windows Server 2008 Standard FE is the shortened name for Windows Server 2008 for Windows Essential Server Solutions. When you run the Winver tool you will see this reference.</q></cite></span>
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<li id="cite_note-5"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-5">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://technet.microsoft.com/en-us/library/dd252609(WS.10).aspx">"Managing Licenses in Windows Server 2008 for Windows Essential Server Solutions"</a>. Technet.microsoft.com. March 10, 2009<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">August 30,</span> 2012</span>.</cite></span>
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<li id="cite_note-6"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-6">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20110928135220/http://www.geekzone.co.nz/paulspain/5449">"SBS 2008 RC1 and EBS 2008 RC1 finalised"</a>. Geekzone.co.nz. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.geekzone.co.nz/paulspain/5449">the original</a> on September 28, 2011<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">August 30,</span> 2012</span>.</cite></span>
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<li id="cite_note-7"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-7">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://technet.microsoft.com/sbs/jj159331.aspx">"Windows Server Essentials"</a>. <i>Microsoft Technet</i>. Microsoft<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">February 10,</span> 2013</span>.</cite></span>
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<li id="cite_note-8"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-8">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://cloudblogs.microsoft.com/windowsserver/2018/11/13/update-on-windows-server-2019-availability">"Update on Windows Server 2019 availability"</a>. <i>Windows Server Blog</i>. Microsoft. November 13, 2018.</cite></span>
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<li id="cite_note-:0-9"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-:0_9-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-:0_9-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><cite id="CITEREFeross-msft" class="citation web cs1">eross-msft. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://docs.microsoft.com/en-us/windows-server-essentials/get-started/what-s-new-19">"What's New in Windows Server 2019 Essentials"</a>. <i>docs.microsoft.com</i><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">December 17,</span> 2020</span>.</cite></span>
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<li id="cite_note-:1-10"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-:1_10-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-:1_10-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.theofficemaven.com/news/windows-server-2019-essentials">"Windows Server 2019 - end of an era"</a>. <i>The Office Maven</i>. September 7, 2018.</cite></span>
</li>
<li id="cite_note-11"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-11">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><cite id="CITEREFPivovarovaApolinario2018" class="citation web cs1">Pivovarova, Irina; Apolinario, Vinicius (September 5, 2018). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://cloudblogs.microsoft.com/windowsserver/2018/09/05/windows-server-2019-essentials-update/">"Windows Server 2019 Essentials update"</a>. <i>Microsoft Windows Server Blog</i>. <a href="Microsoft" title="Microsoft">Microsoft</a>. <q>All of this led to our decision to offer yet another version of on-premises server for small businesses – Windows Server 2019 Essentials. This edition will be released along with the other editions of Windows Server 2019 later this year. There is a strong possibility that this could be the last edition of Windows Server Essentials.</q></cite></span>
</li>
<li id="cite_note-12"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-12">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://docs.microsoft.com/en-us/windows-server-essentials/get-started/get-started">"Get started with Windows Server Essentials"</a>. <i>Windows Server Essentials documentations</i>. <a href="Microsoft" title="Microsoft">Microsoft</a>. September 3, 2021. <q>With Windows Server 2022, the Essentials edition is available to purchase from OEMs only, however there is no specific installation media. Instead, an Essentials edition product key is used to activate the Standard edition of Windows Server 2022 and means you get all the same features.</q></cite></span>
</li>
<li id="cite_note-13"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-13">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.microsoft.com/en-us/download/details.aspx?id=6960">"Windows Small Business Server 2003 Service Pack 1"</a>. <i>Download Center</i>. Microsoft. August 18, 2012.</cite></span>
</li>
<li id="cite_note-14"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-14">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><cite id="CITEREFParon2008" class="citation web cs1">Paron, Dean (October 21, 2008). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://docs.microsoft.com/en-us/archive/blogs/sbs/sbs-2008-released-to-manufacturing">"SBS 2008: Released to Manufacturing!"</a>. <i>The Windows Server Essentials and Small Business Server Blog</i>. <a href="Microsoft" title="Microsoft">Microsoft</a> – via Blog Archive.</cite></span>
</li>
<li id="cite_note-15"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-15">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20080225152703/http://www.microsoft.com/windowsserver/essential/sbs/editions.mspx">"SBS 2008 editions"</a>. <i>microsoft.com</i>. <a href="Microsoft" title="Microsoft">Microsoft</a>. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.microsoft.com/windowsserver/essential/sbs/editions.mspx">the original</a> on February 25, 2008.</cite></span>
</li>
<li id="cite_note-EBSIntro-16"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-EBSIntro_16-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-EBSIntro_16-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20080228075518/http://blogs.technet.com/sbs/archive/2008/02/20/introducing-the-windows-essential-server-solutions-family-of-products.aspx">"Introducing the Windows Essential Server Solutions Family of Products"</a>. Blogs.technet.com. February 20, 2008. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://blogs.technet.com/sbs/archive/2008/02/20/introducing-the-windows-essential-server-solutions-family-of-products.aspx">the original</a> on February 28, 2008<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">August 30,</span> 2012</span>.</cite></span>
</li>
<li id="cite_note-SearchITChannel-17"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-SearchITChannel_17-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">SBS Server #1 is required to be 64-bit; SBS Server #2 will provide the option to run as either 32-bit or 64-bit. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://searchitchannel.techtarget.com/news/article/0,289142,sid96_gci1301476,00.html?track=sy480&asrc=RSS_RSS-28_480a">Microsoft unveils new Small Business Server</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20080328061013/http://searchitchannel.techtarget.com/news/article/0,289142,sid96_gci1301476,00.html?track=sy480&asrc=RSS_RSS-28_480a">Archived</a> March 28, 2008, at the <a href="Wayback_Machine" title="Wayback Machine">Wayback Machine</a></span>
</li>
<li id="cite_note-18"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-18">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20080817120742/http://www.microsoft.com/library/media/1033/windowsserver/essential/graphics/sbs/SBS_BusinessCapacity.jpg">"Windows SBS Console"</a>. <i><a href="Microsoft" title="Microsoft">Microsoft</a></i>. August 17, 2008. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.microsoft.com/library/media/1033/windowsserver/essential/graphics/sbs/SBS_BusinessCapacity.jpg">the original</a> on August 17, 2008<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">March 26,</span> 2021</span>.</cite></span>
</li>
<li id="cite_note-19"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-19">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://sbs.seandaniel.com/2008/05/preparing-your-network-for-small.html">"Preparing your Network for Small Business Server 2008"</a>. <i>Sbs.seandaniel.com</i>. May 1, 2008<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">August 30,</span> 2012</span>.</cite></span>
</li>
<li id="cite_note-20"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-20">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://technet.microsoft.com/en-us/library/sbs-2008-2003-migration%28v=ws.10%29.aspx">"Migrate to Windows Small Business Server 2008 from Windows Small Business Server 2003"</a>. <i>Technet.microsoft.com</i><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">August 30,</span> 2012</span>.</cite></span>
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<li id="cite_note-21"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-21">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://technet.microsoft.com/en-us/library/gg563801.aspx">"Migrate to Windows Small Business Server 2011 Standard from Windows Small Business Server 2003"</a>. <i>Technet.microsoft.com</i><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">August 30,</span> 2012</span>.</cite></span>
</li>
<li id="cite_note-22"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-22">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">e.g. Migration Tool has increased default 7 day Active Directory coexistence period to 21 days to address this</span>
</li>
<li id="cite_note-23"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-23">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://technet.microsoft.com/en-us/library/cc671966%28v=ws.10%29.aspx">"Installing Windows SharePoint Services 3.0 on a Server Running Windows Small Business Server 2003"</a>. <i>Technet.microsoft.com</i>. April 27, 2009<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">August 30,</span> 2012</span>.</cite></span>
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<li id="cite_note-24"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-24">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20110928135305/http://www.geekzone.co.nz/paulspain/5658">"Small Business Server 2008 (SBS 2008) Released to Manufacturing"</a>. Geekzone.co.nz. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.geekzone.co.nz/paulspain/5658">the original</a> on September 28, 2011<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">August 30,</span> 2012</span>.</cite></span>
</li>
<li id="cite_note-25"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-25">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://blogs.msdn.com/mssmallbiz/archive/2008/07/07/8700786.aspx">"Microsoft SMB Community Blog"</a>. <i>Blogs.msdn.com</i><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">August 30,</span> 2012</span>.</cite></span>
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<li id="cite_note-26"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-26">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://social.technet.microsoft.com/Forums/en-US/smallbusinessserver/thread/337214cd-2d0f-4821-9472-0375f2d71b88">"SBS 2008 and the usage of CAL's"</a>. <i>Social.technet.microsoft.com</i><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">August 30,</span> 2012</span>.</cite></span>
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<li id="cite_note-27"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-27">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://techcommunity.microsoft.com/t5/windows-server-essentials-and/windows-small-business-server-essentials-becomes-windows-server/ba-p/398371">"Windows Small Business Server Essentials becomes Windows Server 2012 Essentials"</a>.</cite></span>
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<li id="cite_note-28"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-28">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.microsoft.com/windowsserver2003/sbs/techinfo/overview/generalfaq.mspx#EIBAA">"Windows Small Business Server 2003 R2: Frequently Asked Questions"</a>. Microsoft. July 11, 2006<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">September 2,</span> 2006</span>.</cite></span>
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<li id="cite_note-29"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-29">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.microsoft.com/sqlserver/2008/en/us/small-business.aspx">"Microsoft SQL Server Editions | The Cloud Ready Information Platform"</a>. Microsoft.com<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">August 30,</span> 2012</span>.</cite></span>
</li>
<li id="cite_note-30"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-30">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.microsoft.com/sbs/en/us/compare-features.aspx">"Microsoft Windows Small Business Server (SBS) Features"</a>. Microsoft.com<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">August 30,</span> 2012</span>.</cite></span>
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<li id="cite_note-31"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-31">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.microsoft.com/WindowsServer2003/sbs/evaluation/faq/licensing.mspx">"Licensing – Windows Small Business Server 2003 R2: Frequently Asked Questions"</a>. Microsoft<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">September 2,</span> 2006</span>.</cite></span>
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<li id="cite_note-32"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-32">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.microsoft.com/windowsserver2003/sbs/techinfo/planning/transition.mspx">"Windows Small Business Server 2003 R2 Transition Pack"</a>. Microsoft.com<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">August 30,</span> 2012</span>.</cite></span>
</li>
</ol></div></div>
<div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="External_links">External links</h2></div>
<ul><li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://docs.microsoft.com/en-us/archive/blogs/sbs/"><i>The Windows Server Essentials and Small Business Server Blog</i></a> in Microsoft Blog Archive</li>
<li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.sbsfaq.com/">SBSFaq.com</a>, an independent blog</li></ul>
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</style><div id="Microsoft_Windows506" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><a href="Microsoft_Windows" title="Microsoft Windows">Microsoft Windows</a></div></th></tr><tr><td class="navbox-abovebelow" colspan="2"><div>
<ul><li><a href="List_of_Microsoft_Windows_components" title="List of Microsoft Windows components">Components</a></li>
<li><a href="List_of_Microsoft_Windows_versions" title="List of Microsoft Windows versions">Versions</a>
<ul><li><a href="Microsoft_Windows_version_history" title="Microsoft Windows version history">History</a></li>
<li><a href="Comparison_of_Microsoft_Windows_versions" title="Comparison of Microsoft Windows versions">Comparison</a></li></ul></li>
<li><a href="Criticism_of_Microsoft_Windows" title="Criticism of Microsoft Windows">Criticism</a></li></ul>
</div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="MS-DOS" title="MS-DOS">MS-DOS</a>-based</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em">
<ul><li><a href="Windows_1.0" title="Windows 1.0">1.0</a></li>
<li><a href="Windows_2.0" title="Windows 2.0">2.0</a></li>
<li><a href="Windows_2.1" title="Windows 2.1">2.1</a></li>
<li><a href="Windows_3.0" title="Windows 3.0">3.0</a></li>
<li><a href="Windows_3.1" title="Windows 3.1">3.1</a></li>
<li><a href="Windows_9x" title="Windows 9x">Windows 9x</a>
<ul><li><a href="Windows_95" title="Windows 95">95</a></li>
<li><a href="Windows_98" title="Windows 98">98</a></li>
<li><a href="Windows_Me" title="Windows Me">Me</a></li></ul></li></ul>
</div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="Windows_NT" title="Windows NT">Windows NT</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Base releases</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em">
<ul><li><a href="Windows_NT_3.1" title="Windows NT 3.1">NT 3.1</a></li>
<li><a href="Windows_NT_3.5" title="Windows NT 3.5">NT 3.5</a></li>
<li><a href="Windows_NT_3.51" title="Windows NT 3.51">NT 3.51</a></li>
<li><a href="Windows_NT_4.0" title="Windows NT 4.0">NT 4.0</a></li>
<li><a href="Windows_2000" title="Windows 2000">2000</a></li>
<li><a href="Windows_XP" title="Windows XP">XP</a>
<ul><li><a href="Windows_XP_Professional_x64_Edition" title="Windows XP Professional x64 Edition">Pro x64</a></li>
<li><a href="Windows_XP_Media_Center_Edition" title="Windows XP Media Center Edition">Media Center</a></li>
<li><a href="Windows_Fundamentals_for_Legacy_PCs" title="Windows Fundamentals for Legacy PCs">Fundamentals for Legacy PCs</a></li></ul></li>
<li><a href="Windows_Vista" title="Windows Vista">Vista</a></li>
<li><a href="Windows_7" title="Windows 7">7</a></li>
<li><a href="Windows_8" title="Windows 8">8</a>
<ul><li><a href="Windows_RT" title="Windows RT">RT</a></li></ul></li>
<li><a href="Windows_8.1" title="Windows 8.1">8.1</a></li>
<li><a href="Windows_10" title="Windows 10">10</a></li>
<li><a href="Windows_11" title="Windows 11">11</a></li></ul>
</div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="Windows_Server" title="Windows Server">Windows Server</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em">
<ul><li><a href="Windows_Server_2003" title="Windows Server 2003">Server 2003</a>
<ul><li><a href="Windows_Home_Server" title="Windows Home Server">Home Server</a></li></ul></li>
<li><a href="Windows_Server_2008" title="Windows Server 2008">Server 2008</a>
<ul><li><a href="Windows_Essential_Business_Server_2008" title="Windows Essential Business Server 2008">EBS 2008</a></li>
<li><a href="Windows_HPC_Server_2008" title="Windows HPC Server 2008">HPC Server 2008</a></li></ul></li>
<li><a href="Windows_Server_2008_R2" title="Windows Server 2008 R2">Server 2008 R2</a>
<ul><li><a href="Windows_Home_Server_2011" title="Windows Home Server 2011">Home Server 2011</a></li></ul></li>
<li><a href="Windows_Server_2012" title="Windows Server 2012">Server 2012</a></li>
<li><a href="Windows_Server_2012_R2" title="Windows Server 2012 R2">Server 2012 R2</a></li>
<li><a href="Windows_Server_2016" title="Windows Server 2016">Server 2016</a></li>
<li><a href="Windows_Server_2019" title="Windows Server 2019">Server 2019</a></li>
<li><a href="Windows_Server_2022" title="Windows Server 2022">Server 2022</a></li>
<li><a href="Windows_Server_2025" title="Windows Server 2025">Server 2025</a></li></ul>
</div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Specialized</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em">
<ul><li><a href="Windows_Preinstallation_Environment" title="Windows Preinstallation Environment">Preinstallation Environment</a></li>
<li><a href="Windows_MultiPoint_Server" title="Windows MultiPoint Server">MultiPoint Server</a></li></ul>
</div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="Windows_IoT" title="Windows IoT">Windows IoT</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="Windows_CE" title="Windows CE">Embedded Compact</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em">
<ul><li><a href="Windows_CE_5.0" title="Windows CE 5.0">CE 5.0</a></li>
<li><a href="Windows_Embedded_CE_6.0" title="Windows Embedded CE 6.0">Embedded CE 6.0</a></li>
<li><a href="Windows_Embedded_Compact_7" title="Windows Embedded Compact 7">Embedded Compact 7</a></li></ul>
</div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Other</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em">
<ul><li><a href="Windows_Embedded_Automotive" title="Windows Embedded Automotive">Embedded Automotive</a></li>
<li><a href="Windows_Embedded_Industry" title="Windows Embedded Industry">Embedded Industry</a></li></ul>
</div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="Windows_Mobile" title="Windows Mobile">Windows Mobile</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em">
<ul><li><a href="Pocket_PC_2000" title="Pocket PC 2000">Pocket PC 2000</a></li>
<li><a href="Pocket_PC_2002" title="Pocket PC 2002">Pocket PC 2002</a></li>
<li><a href="Windows_Mobile_2003" title="Windows Mobile 2003">Mobile 2003</a></li>
<li><a href="Windows_Mobile_5.0" title="Windows Mobile 5.0">Mobile 5.0</a></li>
<li><a href="Windows_Mobile_6.0" title="Windows Mobile 6.0">Mobile 6.0</a></li>
<li><a href="Windows_Mobile_6.1" title="Windows Mobile 6.1">Mobile 6.1</a></li>
<li><a href="Windows_Mobile_6.5" title="Windows Mobile 6.5">Mobile 6.5</a></li></ul>
</div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="Windows_Phone" title="Windows Phone">Windows Phone</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em">
<ul><li><a href="Windows_Phone_7" title="Windows Phone 7">Phone 7</a></li>
<li><a href="Windows_Phone_8" title="Windows Phone 8">Phone 8</a></li>
<li><a href="Windows_Phone_8.1" title="Windows Phone 8.1">Phone 8.1</a></li>
<li><a href="Windows_10_Mobile" title="Windows 10 Mobile">10 Mobile</a></li></ul>
</div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Cancelled</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em">
<ul><li><a href="Cairo_(operating_system)" title="Cairo (operating system)">Cairo</a></li>
<li><a href="Windows_Nashville" title="Windows Nashville">Nashville</a></li>
<li><a href="Windows_Neptune" title="Windows Neptune">Neptune</a></li>
<li><a href="Windows_Odyssey" title="Windows Odyssey">Odyssey</a></li>
<li><a href="Windows_10X" title="Windows 10X">10X</a></li></ul>
</div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Related</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em">
<ul><li>Development
<ul><li><a href="Development_of_Windows_95" title="Development of Windows 95">95</a></li>
<li><a href="Development_of_Windows_XP" title="Development of Windows XP">XP</a></li>
<li><a href="Development_of_Windows_Vista" title="Development of Windows Vista">Vista</a></li></ul></li>
<li>Editions
<ul><li><a href="Windows_XP_editions" title="Windows XP editions">XP</a></li>
<li><a href="Windows_Vista_editions" title="Windows Vista editions">Vista</a></li>
<li><a href="Windows_7_editions" title="Windows 7 editions">7</a></li>
<li><a href="Windows_8_editions" title="Windows 8 editions">8</a></li>
<li><a href="Windows_10_editions" title="Windows 10 editions">10</a></li>
<li><a href="Windows_11_editions" class="mw-redirect" title="Windows 11 editions">11</a></li></ul></li>
<li>New features
<ul><li><a href="Features_new_to_Windows_XP" title="Features new to Windows XP">XP</a></li>
<li><a href="Features_new_to_Windows_Vista" title="Features new to Windows Vista">Vista</a></li>
<li><a href="Features_new_to_Windows_7" title="Features new to Windows 7">7</a></li>
<li><a href="Features_new_to_Windows_8" title="Features new to Windows 8">8</a></li>
<li><a href="Features_new_to_Windows_10" title="Features new to Windows 10">10</a></li>
<li><a href="Features_new_to_Windows_11" title="Features new to Windows 11">11</a></li></ul></li>
<li>Removed features
<ul><li><a href="List_of_features_removed_in_Windows_XP" title="List of features removed in Windows XP">XP</a></li>
<li><a href="List_of_features_removed_in_Windows_Vista" title="List of features removed in Windows Vista">Vista</a></li>
<li><a href="List_of_features_removed_in_Windows_7" title="List of features removed in Windows 7">7</a></li>
<li><a href="List_of_features_removed_in_Windows_8" title="List of features removed in Windows 8">8</a></li>
<li><a href="List_of_features_removed_in_Windows_10" title="List of features removed in Windows 10">10</a></li>
<li><a href="List_of_features_removed_in_Windows_11" title="List of features removed in Windows 11">11</a></li></ul></li>
<li><a href="Microsoft_Windows_version_history" title="Microsoft Windows version history">Version history</a>
<ul><li><a href="Windows_Phone_version_history" title="Windows Phone version history">Phone</a></li>
<li><a href="Windows_10_version_history" title="Windows 10 version history">10</a></li>
<li><a href="Windows_10_Mobile_version_history" title="Windows 10 Mobile version history">10 Mobile</a></li>
<li><a href="Windows_11_version_history" title="Windows 11 version history">11</a></li></ul></li>
<li><a href="Comparison_of_Microsoft_Windows_versions" title="Comparison of Microsoft Windows versions">Version comparison</a>
<ul><li><a href="Comparison_of_Windows_Vista_and_Windows_XP" title="Comparison of Windows Vista and Windows XP">Vista and XP</a></li></ul></li>
<li><a href="Criticism_of_Microsoft_Windows" title="Criticism of Microsoft Windows">Criticism</a>
<ul><li><a href="Criticism_of_Windows_XP" title="Criticism of Windows XP">XP</a></li>
<li><a href="Criticism_of_Windows_Vista" title="Criticism of Windows Vista">Vista</a></li>
<li><a href="Criticism_of_Windows_10" title="Criticism of Windows 10">10</a></li></ul></li>
<li><a href="Windows_for_Pen_Computing" title="Windows for Pen Computing">Windows for Pen Computing</a></li>
<li><a href="Microsoft_Plus!" title="Microsoft Plus!">Microsoft Plus!</a></li>
<li><a href="Microsoft_PowerToys" title="Microsoft PowerToys">Microsoft PowerToys</a></li>
</ul>
</div></td></tr><tr><td class="navbox-abovebelow" colspan="2"><div>
<ul><li><span class="noviewer" typeof="mw:File"><span title="Category"></span></span> Category</li></ul>
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